Tradition and Trespasses :: Essays Papers

Tradition and Trespasses Introduction: We can hear the themes of our childhood stories echoing throughout our lives. There is Cinderella-- the ragged, pathetic, abused girl, who when she was beautified, becomes the choice of the young, courageous, handsome prince. There is the story of poor little Snow White who needs the kiss of a stunningly gorgeous young man and the help of seven old men to save her from evil. Very few parents, I am sure, would stand up against their children watching or reading Cinderella or even Snow White. After all, these stories are a part of our culture. These stories and others are foundational for all of us. But who are we as a culture? What is our culture really saying underneath these little fantasy stories? This fabulously romantic idea of the man being the savior and the one who chooses has seeped through our veins and we barely realize it. When we apply our culture?s underlying ideas in foundational stories to theology, we see that we would never want to make God analogous to the poor, ragged, pathetic, abused female. We would rather see God as the chooser, the hero, the savior, the powerful man. Biblical Exegesis: If we turn to a healthy biblical exegesis of scripture, then we see that God is portrayed in creaturely images both as a father and a mother. The book of Hosea portrays God as the father of Israel. It is in the eleventh chapter that one especially sees God portrayed as a father weeping over his son whom he raised. There are also passages such as Isaiah 49:15 where God?s love is shown as a woman?s love for a child of her womb. Tradition: Tradition is what those who have come before us have handed down to us so that we might continue to live their faith (K. S. McCormick). Our tradition as a church has named the Trinity of our one God: Father, Son and Holy Spirit. The tradition of God as Father comes from a rich heritage that we, as a present, living community, can draw from and use. Wolfhart Pannenberg points out one of the rich qualities that comes along with referring to God as Father. He says (concerning the Israelites and God), ?the fatherly relation of God to the king by an act of adoption gave the idea of God as father a consistency which made it much more than a metaphor.

Harlem Renaissance Essay

Claude McKay was Jamaican American who moved from Jamaica to the United States in 1912. He attended the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. This is where he received his first taste of racism here in America and this would have a drastic effect on his future writing. He left the Tuskegee Institute to attend school in Manhattan, Kansas. Mr. McKay then moved to New York invested in a restaurant and got married. The restaurant fell through and McKay moved back to Jamaica. He later became an editor of the Liberator and wrote some of his own poems during the time period known as the red summer. One of his poems he wrote in protest of the harsh times would later be used by Winston Churchill during World War II to motivate the soldiers. (Modern American Poetry, 2011) â€Å"If We Must Die†, written by Claude McKay during the summer of 1919, is a mantra for people to stand up against those who wish to keep them down or in Churchill’s case to kill them during battle(Sayre, 2012). He is saying even if they must die they should do it with dignity. They may only have the grave to come, but he does not wish them to just lie down even in the face of adversity. Claude McKay displays double consciousness from the time he comes to America. He is first an intelligent Jamaican man who has come here to America in search of an education. Here he was seen by the white Americans around him in Alabama as nothing more than just another â€Å"colored† man. Claude had to deal with both being â€Å"colored† or â€Å"Negro† and being an American. In his poem â€Å"If we must die† McKay shows the idea of double consciousness all the way through. He shows the pride of a dignified man who will not just sit back while anyone attempts to push down into the grave. His writing is not specific to one race or ethnicity, as proven when the British Prime Minister used it to motivate the British and American soldiers. (Sayre, 2012) Langston Hughes was a young poe t, writer, and musician during the Harlem renaissance period. According to Sayre (2012), Langston was like many African-Americans searching for a freedom they could not find in America moved to Paris. In France he was subjected to a music very similar to jazz and ragtime. Harlem was quickly becoming the Paris of America to African-Americans because they were free to be who they want to be and accepted by all those around. When Hughes moved backed to Harlem he became one of the most powerful voices for the African-Americans in Harlem due to his abilities, according to Sayre. His capability to speak to your emotion and to create a feeling empathy, as well as his use the local speech, grammar, and dialect made his works attractive to all. According to the Kansas Heritage Group (n.d.), Langston Hughes had only been in college a year before finding the allure of Harlem, where he met many other famous poets of the times. Langston Hughes wrote the poem â€Å"As I grew older† describing how he has a dream but because he is a â€Å"Black† man he has walls that rise up between himself and his dream. This is a perfect example of double consciousness, because like all Americans he has these dreams that are always growing within him. However because of his ethnicity he has walls that are placed in his path. He feels because he is black man he is being forced down into the shadows and blocked from his dreams. He also is persistent enough in the poem to not lie in the shadows and let the wall win. He breaks through the wall and pursues his dreams despites the efforts to block him. (Poemhunter.com, 2003) The poetry of the times brings out the views and emotions of the people who were writing it. These poems bring out the feelings desire to be free to chase their dreams that write about as well. There are many poems that display thoughts of death and dying. Some of the themes were being brought on by the war, while others are themes were brought on by the feelings of oppression and racism. The biggest theme of them all is the fact we are American, whether we are black or white, Jamaican, German, or French descent, we are American. In Langston Hughes poem â€Å"Theme for English B† he states he is black and â€Å"You are white- yet a part of me, as I am a part of you. That’s American†. We are all American and we are all one. We all have similar desires not identical but similar in nature. We want to be free to be what and who we want to be without being held back by others who wish to hold us back in order to advance themselves. In his poem â€Å"As I grew older† he writes about oppression, â€Å"And then the wall rose, Rose slowly, Slowly, Between me and my dream†, The wall rising is the oppression brought about by the racism he faced here in America. Claude McKay in â€Å"If We Must Die† he writes a poem that can used to motivate a group of people as Churchill used to motivate the soldiers of WWI or to motivate the African-Americans here in America. He wants his people to have their honor even in death. â€Å"If we must die-oh, let us nobly die,† He wants to be seen with honor and dignity as he wishes for all his people. In the poem Christianity I write about beliefs and faith in a world where it seems to shun anyone who openly believes in Jesus Christ and his teachings. In today’s society Christians are often told they are cannot display their crosses in public spaces, because â€Å"we are pushing our beliefs on others†. This country was formed with the idea that people would have their freedoms. Freedoms that their previous government denied them, and one of the biggest freedoms they searched for was freedom to practice the religion of their choice. Christianity in its many forms was the biggest religion at the time of this country formation and you can see that in many ways even still today, however publically today there seems to be a push to hide all forms of religion. Christianity seems to be the religion that people wish to hide the most. This is why I chose to use this theme for my poem. Christianity Faith Belief in only one Love all – even my enemy They don’t want love They don’t want faith Truth Will Science ever agree Where is your evidence Is your truth, My truth Freedom Freedom to live Freedom to Love Freedom to believe Freedom to question Faith Who wants it Who needs it Why have it They certainly do not want it References Modern American Poetry (2011). Claude McKay. Retrieved from http://www.english.illinois. edu/maps/poets/m_r/mckay/mckay.htm PoemHunter.com (January, 2003) As I grew older by Langston Hughes. Retrieved from http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/as-i-grew-older/ Sayre, H. M. (2012). The Humanities: Culture, continuity and change, Volume 2 (2nd ed.). (2011 Custom Edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Kansas Heritage Group, (n.d.). Langston Hughes Biography. Retrieved from http://www. kansasheritage.org/crossingboundaries/page6e1.html

Marius Petipa ( 1818-1910 ) - 1342 Words

Marius Petipa (1818-1910) Marius Petipa (1818-1910) was a French dancer, teacher and choreographer who created and revived dance works that have become vital elements of the ballet repertoire. His father Jean Petipa, a renowned Ballet Master and teacher, exposed Petipa to ballet from a young age and Marius Petipa himself said ‘At seven I started instruction in the art of dancing in the class or my father, who broke many bows on my hands in order to acquaint me with the mysteries of choreography.’ (Petipa, 1958) During his sixty year long career in Russia at the St. Petersburg Imperial Theatre, Petipa acquired experience from French Premier Maà ®tre de ballets Jules Perrot and Arthur Saint-Leon who were influential in his works. Petipa renewed the art of ballet, preserving ballet’s classical technique at a high level earning him the title of the ‘Inventor of Modern Ballet’. To expose and discuss Petipa’s development of the ballet repertoire it is necessary to select evidence that outlines for and against of his contributions. To do this we must first define the state of Classical ballet before Petipa, how he changed and developed ballet, his influence and impact, and his contribution to the canon of the dance form. Prior to Petipa, Classical Ballet was in the ‘Romantic Period’ of which concerned itself with the idea of aggrandising ‘senses and emotion over reason and intellect’. (Llopis, 2014/2015) Ballet works in this period were based on literati and were deeply imaginative.

The Religion of Islam Essay - 1518 Words

Religion is as natural to man as social intercourse. The aim common to the religions of the world is that they undertake to bestow upon mankind the highest blessings, and the special way in which they seek to accomplish this is by establishing friendly relations with a Power which is stronger than the ordinary course of nature. Every religion which has counted for anything has had ready answers to three questions: What does it promise to do for the good of man? What is the nature of the higher Power on whose succor it relies? And, what is required of man as the condition of receiving the expected benefits? A further working test of its value is what it makes of morality. For Christianity, the appropriate question is What do†¦show more content†¦While it does contain legal prescriptions, the bulk of the Quran consists of broad and general moral directives- what Muslims ought to do. It replaced, modified, or supplemented earlier tribal laws. Practices such as female infanticide, exploitation of the poor, usury, murder, false contracts, fornication, adultery, and theft were condemned. In other cases, Arab customs were gradually replaced by Islamic standards. Quranic prescriptions governing alcohol and gambling illustrate this process. At first, the use of alcohol and gambling had not been expressly prohibited. However, over a period of years, a series of revelations progressively discouraged their use. The first prescription against the old custom is given in the form of advice: They ask thee concerning wine and gambling. Say: in them is great sin and some use for man; but the sin is greater than the usefulness. Then, Muslims were prohibited fr om praying under the influence of alcohol: Approach not prayer with a mind befogged until you can understand all that you say. Finally, liquor and gambling were prohibited: Satans plan is to incite enmity and hatred between you with intoxicants and gambling, and hinder you from the remembrance of God and from prayer: Will you not then abstain? Much of the Qurans reforms consist of regulations or moral guidance thatShow MoreRelatedThe Religion Of Islam And Islam1544 Words   |  7 Pagesand Islam are not exclusive and need not to be in competition. Instead, they overlap, and share common principles of justice and progress, tolerance and the dignity of all human beings† (Barack Obama). For many decades, in most cultures, religious practice has been a controversial issue, because each religion competes demonstrating that their practices are the true path to God. Religious tolerance is very important because followers should be free to choose their own religion. Some religions areRead MoreIslam Is A Religion Of Islam Essay2012 Words   |  9 PagesIslam is one of the oldest religions in the world, and with that has one of the biggest populations of followers and worshipers. However, it is also a very misunderstood religion. Muslims are extremely religious people, and they strictly follow the Qur’an, however in t he past there have been incidences, in which Arabs have done harm. These acts of few had a negative impact on the lives of many. After these events terroristic events took place, non-Muslims began to fear all Arabs and target them asRead MoreIslam Is A Religion Of Islam2646 Words   |  11 PagesIslam is Peace said by George W Bush the U.S. President at Islamic Center of Washington, D.C after the terrible 9/11 attacks. The president’s speech’s main point was to calm down the American streets and the fear inside the citizens towards Muslims people. However, Islam is a religion that is found globally and guided by the Sharia laws which are in their religious book called the Quran. They worship their God Allah through his messenger Mohammed. Islam is prohibiting its followers from the democracyRead MoreIslam Religion1105 Words   |  5 PagesIslam is not only a religion but also a civilization since it is represented by over one billion Muslims and over 50 Muslim states . Emerging as a civilization influenced by religious beliefs and practices, Islam influenced different groups of people in diverse stages of history and in different countries. A major part of the Islamic faith is the strong belief in an afterlife. Muslims spend their life preparing for their death and the bliss they will face if they follow the rules and life style ofRead MoreThe Religion Of Islam And Islam3231 Words   |  13 PagesABSTRACT The religion of Islam has become a controversial issue in today’s 21st century. In spite of excessively negative representations by Western propaganda, increasing numbers of the population are pursuing to learn more about the wonderful religion of Islam. More frequently than not, these people are becoming more pleasantly startled by the product of their exploration. In fact, increasing numbers of people are embracing Islam nowadays then they did prior to the horrific attacks on SeptemberRead MoreIslam Religion2627 Words   |  11 PagesPeter Youmans Class: RS 130 â€Å"Intro to Comparative Religion† Date: October, 19 2012 I grew up in a household that believed in Christianity and we went to church every Sunday. That church was my foundation, my love and honestly, it was all I knew. At that time, in my community anything other than Christianity just wasn’t accepted and I often wondered why. Although I thoroughly love Christianity, I still wanted to explore our other worldly religions. In doing this paper, I realized that this wasRead MoreReligion of Islam3119 Words   |  13 Pagesunderstand about Islam is what the word Islam itself means. The religion of Islam is not named after a person as in the case of Christianity which was named after Jesus Christ, Buddhism after Gotama Buddha, Confucianism after Confucius, and Marxism after Karl Marx. Nor was it named after a tribe like Judaism after the tribe of Judah and Hinduism after the Hindus. Islam is the true religion of Allah and as such, its name represents the central principle of Allahs Gods religion; the total submissionRead MoreReligio n of Islam3105 Words   |  13 Pagesunderstand about Islam is what the word Islam itself means. The religion of Islam is not named after a person as in the case of Christianity which was named after Jesus Christ, Buddhism after Gotama Buddha, Confucianism after Confucius, and Marxism after Karl Marx. Nor was it named after a tribe like Judaism after the tribe of Judah and Hinduism after the Hindus. Islam is the true religion of Allah and as such, its name represents the central principle of Allahs Gods religion; the total submissionRead MoreThe Religion Islam1796 Words   |  8 Pages| The Religion Islam | The Religion Islam What is Islam? The word Islam means submission to the will of God. The religion of Islam is the acceptance of and obedience to the teachings of God which the Muslims—followers of Islam—believe God revealed to his last prophet. Muslims believe that there is only one God. The Arabic word for God is Allah which means, the one and only true God who created the whole universe. According to Muslims, God sent a number of prophets to mankind to teach themRead MoreIslamic Religion Of Islam And Islam2553 Words   |  11 Pagesthese four words establish the fundamental explanation of the word Islam. A deep study of Islamic teachings and thought reveals that Islam is a religion of peace, security and protection; the true believers in the sight of God and His Messenger are those who embody those qualities. The dominant religion of Islam has been the center of much attention and controversy in today’s civilization. The Western perspective subjugates Islam and the Muslim cou nterparts as violent, aggressive, deviant and terroristic;

Pam Fodrill Case Study Essay - 1886 Words

The popular television show, CSI: Crime Scene Investigations has been on the air for 12 years, and it has brought forth the behind-the-scenes actions of criminal investigations, even if its portrayals are not always scientifically accurate. This has caused an interest in the forensic sciences that has led most people to a skewed view of how a criminal investigation actually works. The reality of a criminal investigation is that it is generally more tedious and difficult than the theory of criminal investigation would have you believe. By examining the forensic and investigative procedures of the case of Pamela Foddrill, it is apparent that the theory of criminal investigation was not representative of the procedures concerning examination†¦show more content†¦The news articles did not specify whether or not this tape was actually found and analyzed, but the text did not cover the admissibility of such evidence in a trial nonetheless. The text also did not cover something tha t was of great importance in the Foddrill case- the problems with DNA evidence. After three searches of Russell’s home, the only blood evidence they could find was not able to be tested for DNA because it was â€Å"either inconclusive or to small to be tested† (Course 105). This type of lack of evidence is very consistent with a problem investigators often encounter during trial known as the CSI Effect- where people expect large amounts of forensic evidence and grand presentations. Oftentimes, prosecutors will bring in experts to explain the lack of evidence in order to make what little they might have count. I was personally surprised by the lack of evidence, since the testimonies of Hubbell and Fowler seemed to indicate that there was a fair amount of violence in the crime and since the crime extended over a few days at least. In conclusion of the case, the investigators were able to convince a jury that Long, Redman, and Russell were guilty despite any flaws or faul ts within the forensic evidence. The investigative details of the Pamela Foddrill case remained very similar to criminal theory in most ways, but not all. In Lyman’s Criminal Investigations, there are eight steps detailed

Details Charges for The Immigration Services †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Charges for The Immigration Services. Answer: According to the provisions of the code of conduct specific details in relation to the services which would be provided by the firm specified in the attached disclosure document. The fees which would be charged in relation to the work have also been provided for in the cost agreement. Through providing consent to the enclosed lease agreement and returning it to us you can confirm the acknowledgement in relation to your acceptance of the cost agreement as well as a disclosure document. The progress report of the services which have been provided to you would be specifically given to you as and when the services are performed. All responsibility of the services to be provided would be on the firm itself and any query in relation to the services can be resolved through communication by email. This is to inform you that if you sign the agreement the terms of the agreement would be legally binding and both of us would be liable for any breach of the terms. In lieu of the professional fees you are requested to deposit a sum of dollar 1100 which includes GST in relation to the application of class BB subclass 155 resident return visa. To this agreement both of us agree to act in accordance with paragraph 5.2 and 5.3 of part 5 of the code of conduct. If the agreement is consented by you it would be them that you find the fees to be reasonable and you are fully aware of the terms and conditions of the agreement. However in case of an undisclosed or unforeseen event the terms of the agreement may be varied in order to incorporate any cost for the additional work required. Ethical obligations as a migration agent Any agent who has been registered under the migration agent registration authority has to abide by the code of conduct provided by schedule 2 of the migration regulations 1994. No fix scale office has been provided by the authority in relation to what is charged by the migration agents for their services. The estimation office can be provided by a migration agent in relation to every hour of services provided to the client. The fees which is charged by the agent depends upon the experience of the agent and the type of services to be performed. The migration agent must give a written statement to the clients that they would not be charging any unnecessary fees from the client. The fees charged by the migration agent in relation to providing services to the client must be fair and must also include particulars and instructions in relation to every service provided. The migration agents must also disclose charge for every service and the total amount this is required for the application including all departmental fees and disbursements. Under section 313 of the migration act as well as regulation 5.5 of the code of conduct the migration agent would not be entitled to any fees if they have not provided the client with the statement of services and the fees which is charged by them is not in accordance to what have been mentioned in the statement of services. References Migration Act 1958 Migration Agents Code of Conduct Migration Agents Regulations 1998 Migration Regulations 1994

Leader Styles free essay sample

Style Kimberly Burrow HCS 457 May 20, 2013 Dalynn Campbell Leadership Style This essay is on the different leadership style from a historical person of my choosing. The successful management styles of this person also the leadership styles. The score of my Leadership and Team Self-Management Assessment the class was asked to perform. The leadership styles and traits of my historical person. The traits that I can learn from my historical person and the traits and styles my historical person can learn from me. Historical person Leonard D. Schaeffer was a successful leader in Blue Cross of California. He was the president and CEO who helped orchestrate the transition into Wellpoint, which is the second largest publicly traded health care company in the United States. By 2004, Schaeffer built Wellpoint into a 19 billion dollar operation. Schaeffer oversaw the merger with Anthem Health Care. Schaeffer brought a wealth of public policy and experience and government knowledge to the board as senior adviser to Texas Pacific Group (TPG). We will write a custom essay sample on Leader Styles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He served as an Administrator of the United States Health Care Financing Administration, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (Harvard Business School, n. d. ). Successful management style The management theory Schaeffer uses in 1986 when he was recruited for president and CEO at Blue Cross of California. Schaeffer was the visionary of making the company the 40 million dollars that he was informed the company should make that year he became president and CEO. He fired 3,000 employees, the CFO, and sold everything that was not nailed down. Schaeffer tarted HMOs in Blue Cross of California, his theory was, if you look at Americans, they don’t know much about health policy, but they know a lot about the rights and privileges of consumers (A conversation with Leonard Schaeffer p. 27). He went public with WellPoint, sold 20% to the public. That gave the company capital, acquisition capital, and stock. The company began to diversify risk, economic regions, different regulators , and different opportunities. This style of management is in the influence of culture. Schaeffer stated You need different management techniques at different times. If you look back on the history of our company, the first stage is the turnaround. You need top-down, autocratic, â€Å"Here’s what you are going to do. † â€Å"Why? † â€Å"Because I told you to do it. † Top-down, directed, tell people what to do. You don’t have to be right, you just have to keep moving (A conversation with Leonard Schaeffer p. 27). Successful leadership style The leadership theory Schaeffer used was the democratic leadership. With the motivation with internal drives and impulses. He made decisions, set goals, worked toward achievement, and informed task to be done. The autocratic leadership Schaeffer used had little trust in employees and systematically exclude them from decision making. His leadership behavior helped the organization achieve its objective. When individuals gets to the point he or she realizes they can not run a company alone that is participative management. They bring people in that add and create value. Autocratic style is occurs when leaders have meetings and members suggest things and the leader takes the best suggestions and uses it without members voting. Leaders should shifts from internal concerns to external concerns to ensure the company is running well and is providing consumers with the companies product. With external concerns the leaders should give up the day-to-day control. They may impact and control the company but they can not control the external environment (Schaeffer). The score of my Leadership and Team Self-Management Assessment My score for the leadership and team self-management assessment was 50. The score total explains that I have excellent team leadership skills. Leading a team, management needs to bring together diverse talent, define goals, arrange efforts, and manage the relationships between team members (McBride, 2012). The team leader with skills in authority to set directions, democratic leadership if the team is successful, and the ability to re-establish team relationships if there is an issue. A good leader can find the teams strengths and outline the purpose of the team. Each member is unique in his or her own way rather it is their age, race, their motivation, or his or her ethnicity that brings diversity to the team. A manager should listen to the members of a team and offer their thoughts to lead a positive discussion. Keeping up-to-date with training will help leaders or manager with teams on the projects of his or her organization. Leonard Schaeffer leadership styles and traits In Schaeffers early career his leadership style was Autocratic Leadership. He realized that autocracy is the most painful, least enjoyable, and has its place if in a turnaround situation (Schaeffer, 2002). After his autocratic leadership in turning around the company, he realized he had to change his leadership style. The company began to focus on creating innovative products and excellent customer service, along with any decision instead of no decision. His role to ensure the organizations long-term success when the company changed so he had to change. Schaeffer changed from autocratic leadership to participative leadership style. The participative leadership style at the company they set four or five clear goals for the team to meet and gave them free rein to meet those goal as long as they stayed on budget. He laid out specific strategies for each goal. Managers had to take responsibility for meeting these goals. Researcher Rinsis Likert from the University of Michigan explanation what Participative Leadership Style is, requires that the CEO receive suf? cient information from employees to make important strategic decisions but that he or she leave the implementation of strategy up to the line managers (as stated in the Leadership Journey). Schaeffer changed his style of leadership when the company could deliver on its promises to customers and investors. Schoeffers style changed to The Reformer that demonstrates what is possible. He has several meeting with people outside the company to discuss health care practices, policies, and government representatives. As reformer he is the point person for tough questions. During his leadership journey Schoeffer has created concrete goals, and has wore different leadership caps that alter the way he assess a business situation. Even though past leadership styles worked each new situation is different. He has learned to pay attention to the teams dedicated to fulfill the goals. The traits from Leonard Schaeffer I can learn Throughout the years Schaeffer has developed different traits on leadership and learned from the traits and advanced to better trait. The traits that I can learn from is the participative leadership style. The participative style is to set several goals and let the team work on the project as he or she wishes. The traits Leonard Schaeffer can learn from me I know that with each situation there is a different leadership style that can be used to completer the project. The traits that Schaeffer can learn from my leadership is empathy for those who work report to him. When leaders treat employees with empathy the team there tend to be a better influential in getting the team to take initiative. If there is bad behavior in the team a good leader knows how to guide the team. This essay is on the different leadership style that Leonard Schaeffer used throughout his career. He started with a company that was on the verge of bankrupt and turned the company around. Schaeffer management style was democratic in the beginning and at the end his style was autocratic of his career at Blue Cross of California. My score on the Leadership and Team Self-Management Assessment was a 50, which is an excellent team leadership skills. The skill of diversity in leading a team is good behavior skill. Schaeffers leadership style and traits started with autocratic leadership changed to participative leadership style and ended with Schaeffers style as the reformer. The trait I can learn from Schaeffer is participative style, and the style Schaeffer can learn from me is empathy. References Harvard Business School. (n. d. ). Great American Business Leaders Of The Twentieth Century. Retrieved from http://www. bs. edu/leadership/database/leaders/leonard_d_schaeffer. html McBride, S. (2012). Team Leadership Skills. Retrieved from http://www. themanagersguide. co. uk/team-leadership-skills. html Porter-O’Grady, T. Malloch, K. (2007). Managing for success in health care. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby, Elsevier. Shortell, D. S. (n. d. ). A Conversation with Leonard Schaeffer. Retrieved from http://sph. berke ley. edu/pubs/magazine/mag_sp06/pdf/schaeffer. pdf Sullivan, E. J. Decker, P. J. (2009). Effective leadership and management in nursing. (7th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.