Childrens Day Essay

In India, Children’s day is commended on the fourteenth November consistently. As a tribute Children’s Day is commended on the main Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru’s birthday. Affectionately called ‘Chacha Nehru’ which implies Uncle Nehru by the children, Jawaharlal Nehru offered accentuation to the noteworthiness of giving adoration and warmth to youngsters, who are the brilliant eventual fate of India. The primary reason for this day is to empower the government assistance of youngsters everywhere throughout the nation. The first ever Children’s day was commended in 1954. The possibility of a widespread Children’s Day was recommended by Mr. V.K. Krishna Menon and it received by the United Nations General Assembly. From the start it was praised generally in the period of October. After 1959, November twentieth was picked as Children’s day as it denoted the commemoration day when the Declaration of the Child Rights was embraced by the U.N. General Assembly. In 1989 the Convention on the Rights of the Child was likewise marked on a similar date. Be that as it may, in India, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s birthday was pronounced as Children’s Day and is commended every year to appreciate his adoration and connection for kids. Kids resemble valuable diamonds. Comprehend the criticalness of children’s day which is commended on fourteenth November in India. Kids are delightful. They resemble divine endowments that guardians get from the omnipotent. Their eyes are brimming with blamelessness. They grin when they get love and esteem, they cry when it is their first day at school away from their folks, they snicker when they blend with their mates, and they don't mean anything yet the unadulterated and reliable love. They genuinely represent god. fourteenth November is commended as children’s day in all over India. fourteenth November is additionally the birthday of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the main head administrator of free India. Cherished recollections are best of all. They can be enjoyed for a lifetime. Children’s day festivity is a good time for the little ones however it is significant for the guardians as well. Each parent must comprehend the significance of the children’s da y. Guardians ought to be very much aware about the little wants of their holy messengers. Chacha Nehru’s love for kids Do you know why Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s birthday is commended as the children’s day? Pandit Nehru was an incredible pioneer. He worked enthusiastically for the government assistance of kids and youths not long after autonomy. He was sharp about government assistance, instruction, and advancement of kids in India. He was affectionate ofâ children and along these lines got well known as Chacha Nehru (Uncle Nehru) among his little admirers. Nehru was extremely specific about the advancement of the Indian youth. He needed to make dependable residents out of little fellows and young ladies. Under his system he built up a few instructive organizations including All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Indian Institutes of Technology, and Indian Institutes of Management. He included and featured the point in his five years plan that each kid in India would get free and obligatory essential training. More than a large number of schools were worked all through the towns of India when Nehru was in power. He likewise carried the plan to convey free dinners and milk to younger students in India to forestall lack of healthy sustenance. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru himself was destiny’s youngster. He battled a ton for the government assistance of India. It is accepted that he respected two things a grea t deal, red roses and kids. His adoration and enthusiasm towards youngsters is the motivation behind why we observe Children’s Day on his birthday. For what reason do we observe Children’s Day? Children’s Day festivity is the tribute to adolescence. John Kennedy, 35th US president has cited it properly, ‘Children are the world’s most significant asset and its best trust in the future.’ We can't conceal the way that numerous youngsters in India are not getting essential benefits like instruction. Numerous kids are gaining cash as opposed to playing with toys. The genuine quintessence of children’s day is to comprehend the criticalness of youth in our lives. The qualities and orders learned as a youngster are liable for the sort of adulthood one has. In this way adolescence is extraordinary and ought to be praised. Children’s Day is to remind all youthful and grown-ups about children’s option to make the most of their adolescence with no limits and to be instructed grown-up later on. Children’s Day is to update the correct techniques for bringing up youngsters. Children’s Day Celebration twentieth November is Universal Children’s Day. In India parcels fun exercises and projects are sorted out on the children’s day. Children’s Day is called as ‘Bal Divas’ in Hindi. On this specific day government, NGOs (non government associations), schools, and some private bodies lead rivalries and occasions for youngsters. Different social projects are sorted out all through the schools. Extraordinary TV programs for kids are communicated on fourteenth November. Guardians also are anxious about children’s day. A few guardians purchase presents for their children and little girls. A few guardians give welcoming cards to their youngsters to communicate their desires on this specialâ day. As guardians we ought not let this day go as other conventional day. It is our obligation to make children’s day uncommon for our youngster. You may take your kid to visit some NGO or children’s home on this day. You can soak up some valuable qualities in him however liberal acts. Your kid can part with a portion of his assets to other poor kids. In such a manner he will become acquainted with the genuine essentialness of this day. Make each fourteenth No vember unique for your kid. All things considered, ‘Children won't recollect you for the material things you give them however to the inclination that you treasured them.’

Writing an Essay on a Book - An Easy Way to Learn How to Write an Essay on a Book

Writing an Essay on a Book - An Easy Way to Learn How to Write an Essay on a BookLearning how to write an essay on a book is relatively easy. A book report is a great way to add more information to your portfolio and get noticed in the market. Here are some of the most important steps that you need to follow when writing an essay on a book.Before you start the essay, you have to decide what kind of book to write. You can either choose a book that is already published or one that is not yet released. It is recommended that you choose a book that is already published because this gives it a better reputation than one that is still in the initial printing stage. It is also easier to give your students advice on a book that is already out there and used by many people.You also have to decide on what part of the book to use as an example. There are various essays on every book but not all of them have examples on each and every page. This means that if you do not have examples for your es say, you might just end up spending a lot of time on doing the research yourself instead of finishing the essay fast. For this reason, you should pick a topic that is simple enough for you to write about and also relevant to the topic of the book you are writing about.It is important that the content of your essay is relevant to the subject of the book you are writing about. The information that you are going to provide should be based on facts that are proven in the book. In other words, you should base your content on what you have read in the book. Keep in mind that many books have been written on the subject and in order to make your essay on a book credible, you have to be able to write a convincing content.Make sure that you choose a book that is understandable to you. One good way to know what kind of book you are looking for is to go online and read reviews on the book that you are thinking of buying. This will allow you to get some idea on the quality of the book and the ov erall impression that the book makes on the reader. Also, you can read the book cover page to find out what the book is all about.Once you have decided what kind of book you are going to write, it is time to start writing the essay. You should take note of your topics so that you will not have any problem later on. Remember that the purpose of the essay is to convince the reader that what he/she is reading in the book is true. Be sure that the writing style that you will use in your essay is very clear and easy to understand.When you are writing the essay, you have to make sure that you stick to the rules in the grammar. Some professors may ask you to revise your essay so that it is up to the standards. If you fail to do this, then you will have to revise your work again until you can pass the exam. Do not be discouraged because there are still a lot of things that you can do in order to polish your writing skills.Writing an essay on a book should not be difficult for you if you fol low these tips. However, you also have to make sure that you do not get frustrated by the task because once you learn how to write an essay on a book, you will have no problem writing other essays. Be sure to keep on practicing so that you will be able to write about any book that you choose.

Effect Of Sleep On Adolescents - 1131 Words

The notion that mood can affect performance of everyday tasks has been highly suggested by broad amounts of research such as the study done by Haack and Mullington at Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School in 2005, where they found that deprivation of sleep has a negative effect on mood regulation as well as the physical being of an adult (Mullington 2005). However, these studies cannot be applied to the adolescent person because of the differences of the maturity in the brain from an adolescent person to an adult person (Ryan 1992). The effect deprivation of sleep on adolescents’ mood may suggestion that school during the formative years should start later because students would be†¦show more content†¦Short and Luca studied the participants for three consecutive nights at the Sleep Laboratory of the Centre for Sleep Research, from four p.m. on the first day until eight p.m. fourth day (2015). What they found was that their analyses revealed depressed mood, anxiety, anger, confusion, fatigue, and energy were worsened after only one night without sleep when compared to the normal sleep pattern days, baseline days (Short and Louca 2015). Their research suggests that while mood worsens during the night, the participants’ mood didn’t seem to recover the following day; in fact, the mood seemed even worse about five a.m. and stayed low throughout the day (Short and Louca 2015). Short’s and Louca’s research suggests a surprising effect on adolescent females, as they showed a heightened sensitivity to mood deficits following the deprivation of sleep; particularly females had a significant elevation of anxiety and depressed mood after one night without sleep (2015). Short and Louca believe that this surprise may suggest that females are more affected than males to the deprivation of sleep on mood, which they believe may account for the higher amounts of anxiety and depressed m ood in adolescent females than that of adolescent males (2015). This study done by Short and Louca suggests a causal relationship between sleep deprivation and depression. It suggests that even by one night of being not well-rested for an adolescent plays a huge role in

How Career Success Is Defined By Student - 1649 Words

The purpose of the report What career success means varies among people. One of the most vastly used definition is ‘The evolving sequence of a person’s work experiences over time’ (Arthur et al., 1989). This report attempt to discover how career success is defined by student, the features that indicate it and the strategies that lead to it. Sample and procedure At the start of the course we were formed into groups. Each group has to sit and design an interview questions to conduct two interviews per each and extract the useful information about the issue. We decided to use semi-structured interviews. Respondents in this report were students of the University of East Anglia. We determined the potential student and emailed them†¦show more content†¦According to the previous types, the desire of getting an Objective career success was on a par with Subjective career success. To clarify more, getting a high salary and promotion which were the most dominant among responders represent the objective career success, whereas job satisfaction, reputation and appreciation which considered as a subjective career success get a high demand between them. Moreover, when it comes to the career orientation which has been defined in different ways such an ‘individual interest in a larger class of work activities than those associated with a specific job or organization’ (Liden Green, 1980), it is clearly that the majority prefer to get work-life balance and some considered it as an indicator of career success because they believe the success is how to balance different goals without hurting some of them. However, the minority were focused on taking risks and discovering new ways to deal with work requirements and overcome the obstacles. Yet, none of these approaches is modern or new as the first one belong to the fifth types of career orientation which is ‘Getting Balanced’ and the second one represents the third types which is ‘Getting High’ as described by Derr in 1986. Furthermore, depending on the findings the qualities that are linked to career success from the participants’ perspective are divided into three types. First, the qualitiesShow MoreRelatedAn Intrusive Advisement Plan For First Generation Undeclared Freshmen1264 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"College and Career Explorer Program.† The policy incorporates three important components of well-developed policy, including a clear purpose, a clearly defined plan, and a plan for consistent implementation. The policy includes a detailed mission, a definition of whom exactly the policy serves, and the steps to take to make sure it is implemented successfully. In this particular case, there are guidelines for what the participating advisors are expected to do, such as contacting the students, and a timelineRead MoreContinuing Academic Success1112 Words   |  5 PagesAcademic Success Continuing Academic Success is extremely important to those who plan to make advancements in their chosen career fields. It provides the opportunity to keep current with ideas, techniques, and advancements that are being made in their area of employment. We will address the importance of setting achievable goals, the importance of learning styles in academic success and the validity of ethics and academic integrity in helping to achieve continuing academic and professional success. SettingRead MoreSuccess Requires Sacrifice Essay695 Words   |  3 PagesSuccess Requires Sacrifice Everyone’s goal in life is to be successful in some way, most try to attain this through a career. A successful career leads to a fortuitous reputation in society. A triumphant career also puts a person well off in the money department, which everyone needs to survive in today’s society. With everything success brings there is something that has to be given up or set aside. To have a successful career a person would have to give up social time, time with family, and mostRead MoreThe Common Core State Standards896 Words   |  4 Pages(CCSS) are a set of academic standards created to establish clear and defined objectives for elementary and secondary students across the United States. These guidelines consist of what every student from kindergarten to the 12th grade should know and be able to master in math and language arts. The focus of the CCSS is to develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills of students to prepare them for success (Common Core State Standards Initiative, 2014). The purpose of theRead MoreCareer Goals Hurt Academic Performance1515 Words   |  7 PagesUnclear Career Goals Hurt Academic Performance One major and frightening problem students face is not developing defined career goals. Students Who enter college right after graduating high school tend to have no idea of what exact career path that they want to pursue. A majority of these students struggle to figure out their career goals and end up taking a variety of different courses, most of which are unnecessary. Some of the classes they enroll in may not have any relevance to theRead MoreThe Greatest Retention Issues Occur During The First Year At An Institution884 Words   |  4 Pagesauthors also put forward the claim that if a student feels they are lacking in their development of autonomy, this can impede their development during the second year at an institution. Often this lack autonomy revolves around financial independence, and the issue of the â€Å"financial burdens they place on their parents† (Lemons Richmond, 1987, p. 16). If not resolved, this conflict could result in the second year student â€Å"dropping out, stopping out, or transferring to less expensive institutions†Read MoreProject C lassroom Makeover By Cathy Davidson1384 Words   |  6 PagesClassroom Makeover†, Cathy Davidson discusses how the â€Å"one size fits all† model of learning hinders students from learning in a new and modernized way. She suggests the notion that using technology to teach and learn can be effective in many ways. Davidson shows that using technology presents the opportunity for a traditional classroom to become more inclusive and creative. The â€Å"democratization of knowledge† is the improvement and modernization of how information is taught and learned. Having a modernizedRead MoreStudent Success And Support Services Program Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesResearch/Policy Topic Analysis: Student Success and Support Services Program (SSSP) Background The Student Success and Support Program (SSSP) for California community colleges arose as a result of the Senate Bill 1456 with a mission â€Å"to increase California community college student access and success by providing effective core matriculation services, including orientation, assessment and placement, counseling, and other educational planning services, and academic interventions,† or follow-up servicesRead MoreEvaluation Of A Student s College Readiness Essay1535 Words   |  7 Pagesarises, however, with the question of accuracy. How can a test, specifically the ACT, depict a student’s success in college, especially when the assessment only tests students on memorized information? To determine if the ACT can accurately depict how prepared a student is for college, one must begin by defining college readiness. According to David T. Conley, a professor at the University of Oregon, college readiness is â€Å"the level of preparation a student needs in order to enroll and succeed—withoutRead MoreSocioeconomic Status And The Career Aspirations Of Australian School Students1279 Words   |  6 Pageselementary to college level students. These articles are on the subject of socioeconomic status effecting student aspirations, higher educational participation, and parental involvement. The article â€Å"Socioeconomic status and the career aspirations of Australian school students: Testing enduring assumptions† from The Australian Educational Researcher addresses the issue of diversity in school through an examination of socioeconomic status and how it affects the way students view their opportunities as

Analysis Of George Hemingway s Big Two Hearted River

The Modern Men No two men are exactly alike, not even identical twins. Some attributes, appearance, and ideology may mirror, but no two men are alike. Differences in how the world is perceived will allow this individual to stand together, but appear far apart. The modern method of writing allows for individuals do exactly that, stand together, but appear to be fair. Writers Ernest Hemingway and T.S. Eliot demonstrated such disassociation in living deliberately in time and place of Nick and J. Alfred Prufrock. Ernest Hemingway’s story Big Two-Hearted River tells the story of a young man who returns to his old fishing hole after the war. Nick, is his name and he returns home faced with some of the same feeling and thoughts of war. Although, he did have a home to return to, everything around him appeared demolished, at least in his mind. Nick, did what any other man returning home for war would do. He packed a backpack and set off for a fishing and camping trip, an attempt to esc ape reality, even if it was just to go fishing for a few days. As described in the story â€Å"the trout keeping themselves steady in the current with wavering fins† (Hemingway, 2015) which may resemble control of life and movement, â€Å"Nick’s obsession with controlling small details speaks to a deeply wounded man† (McDavid, 2013). As the trout in the water use its fins to control its’ movement, overcoming obstacles, Nick attempts to do the same. With a fishing pole and a backpack filled with useful tools,Show MoreRelatedEssay Mrs.Mallards character (The story of an hour)2246 Words   |  9 Pages Analysis of Hemingway’s Narrative Technique as a Short- Story Writer For many years, the narrative technique of Hemingway has been under debate. Writers before him had already achieved works that bear the characteristics of the modern short story, and many of their works could stand today, with those of Hemingway and of writers like Faulkner, as representative short stories of modern times. What distinguishes Hemingway both from his predecessors and from his contemporaries, however, is the theoryRead MoreAN ANALYSIS PAPER ON ANTON CHEKHOV’S THE SEAGULL AND THE CHERRY ORCHARD12092 Words   |  49 PagesHigh School Department A.Y. 2013-2014 In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements In English IV AN ANALYSIS PAPER ON ANTON CHEKHOV’S THE SEAGULL AND THE CHERRY ORCHARD Submitted to: Mrs. Joneth D. Vibar Submitted by: Vincent del Castillo IV-St.Francis of Assisi Outline of Analysis 1 Author’s Style 1.1 Anton Chekhov as a Playwright and Author of Short Stories 1.1.1 Russia’s best known Modern Playwright 1.1.1

Capital raising free essay sample

The market today is divided between Flash memories and hard disk drive. While both currently undergo tremendous increases in performance, they also face severe limitations for the mid term future (2015). Beyond the technological barrier Several physical factors related to the magnetic medium that stores the data bits are limiting the increase of density for hard disk drive technology but also for Magnetic Random Access Memory (MRAM) that shows great promise in delivering fast read nd write performance with non-volatility in a single technology. SILTENE has developed a back end solution to treat magnetic materials for enhancing their performances, reducing manufacturing costs and improving yield for both HDD and MRAM applications. Beneficial market SILTENE targets the Hard Drive Disk and MRAM markets. Three companies share the 50 billion dollars HDD market. These companies cooperate to develop new standards for ultrahigh-density devices. The MRAM market is still emerging but it should grow very rapidly in the next few years (1 billion predicted by 2018). We will write a custom essay sample on Capital raising or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Analysts consider MRAM as the universal memory as they have the potential to replace Flash, SRAM and DRAM memories in the near future. Our mission SILTENE aims to become the leader in advanced magnetic materials for high performance, low power Hard Disk Drive and MRAM applications and plans to establish a new manufacturing standard by developing advanced processes and associated treatment tools compatible with large scale. Our technology is currently being tested with hard disk drive and MRAM companies. A highly dynamic team and an influential network Cyril Torre, is the president C. F. O of the company. He holds a PhD in science and studied entrepreneurship at Ecole Centrale and HEC Paris. Dafln © Ravelosona, C. E. O C. T. O, holds a PhD in physics and is a known worldwide expert in spintronics. He also worked for 2 years in the HDD research center of Hitachi GST and is currently group leader at CNRS. He also studied entrepreneurship at HEC Paris. Antonio Villari, C O O, holds a P D in physics. He is a world-renowned expert in development ot ion source and was C. O. O at Pantechnik for 10 years (world leader in Electron Cyclotron Resonance ion sources). The advisory board of SILTENE is composed of world- renowned scientists, entrepreneurs and business developer (E. Fullerton, A. Kent, R. Cowburn, A. Steiner) Fundraising to develop the company SILTENE has raised 500k‚ ¬ of seed funding from public aid (OSEO emergence in 2011 and OSEO cr ©ation-d ©veloppement in 2012) and has been awarded several innovation prizes. SILTENE is now looking for private fundraising of 1 M‚ ¬ as a first step to enhance its RD and build up an industrial prototype.

Police public relationship in Bangladesh free essay sample

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of published research on the public image of the police. The report covers three types of police images: general perceptions of the police as an organization or institution, perceptions of police outcomes, and perceptions of police processes. The report considers research that reflects on improving the image of police. It summarizes the findings and discusses the implications for future research. Methodology Two types of reviews were conducted: a review of published research and a review of archived data sets pertaining to the image of the police held by the public. A comprehensive search of social science research literature was conducted to obtain a base for the literature review. We attempted to obtain all of the publications drawing on national surveys of police. We were selective in drawing upon surveys relevant to specific police agencies, using these where national surveys did not provide insights to important questions. We will write a custom essay sample on Police public relationship in Bangladesh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A thorough search of publicly available archives of national and major international surveys of the police image was also conducted. Surveys of samples drawn on a state, county, or municipality were not considered unless they offered some valuable insights to broader questions about the police image. Where available we obtained copies of the survey instruments  (or those parts relevant to the police image) and basic characteristics of the sample. From this information we prepared a catalog that will allow IACP to view the entire scope of existing survey data on the police image that are already available. This catalog is provided separately in a form that is electronically accessible. Selected data from these surveys are presented in Exhibits in this report. Major Findings and Recommendations The public image of the police is complex. It has many aspects, grouped under three general categories: overall image, perceptions of police outcomes, and perceptions of police processes. There are different ways to measure each aspect. Findings can vary considerably according to which aspect is measured and how each is measured. Polls of the adult population in the United States since the 1960s show that the majority of the public has an over-all positive view of the police. Depending on the year and the particular measure used, the percentage of respondents with a positive assessment of police has been between 51 and 81 percent. When asked to assess service to their own neighborhoods, respondents tend to produce even higher evaluations. Relatively few citizens offer a negative assessment of police. The police consistently rank among the institutions and occupations in which the public expresses the highest confidence and trust. Most citizens are satisfied with police service in their own neighborhood, and this level of satisfaction appears to vary little from one urban jurisdiction to another. Cross-jurisdiction research on this topic is limited to a small number of jurisdictions, however. Citizens’ experiences with the police affect their over all assessment of the police. The more positive a citizen’s recent experience with the police, the more positive the citizen’s over-all assessment of the police. However, previously held views of police do not change easily and themselves tend to influence how citizens interpret their own experiences with the police. The vast majority of the American public has not had a face-to-face contact with a police officer in the previous twelve months, so it will be difficult for police to make large improvements in their over all public image by the direct contact they have with the public. Large portions of the American public report using the mass media as their primary source of information about crime, and these stories are the context for most mass media accounts of police work. News and entertainment  media portray police and police work in a highly distorted fashion. The recent trend toward â€Å"tabloid-style† journalism – even in mainstream media – appears to reduce public confidence and trust in the police. Between the 1980s and mid-1990s, increasing numbers of the American public gave police protection in their area a positive assessment. Neighborhood residents hold both police and residents responsible for controlling crime in the neighborhood. At the end of the 20th century, substantial majorities of the American public expressed positive views of how police treat the public. Police ranked highest in being helpful and friendly and lowest in treating people fairly. The public image of honesty and ethical standards of police has improved substantially from 1997 to 2000. The majority of the American public does not perceive police brutality in their area, but from the mid-1960s to the end of the 20th century the percentage who do perceive brutality has increased approximately threefold, accounting for a third of the public. This increase may be due at least in part to the public’s changing standards of what constitutes brutality. The public has become less accepting of police use of force during this time period. Across nearly all indicators of the public image of the police, racial minorities consistently show lower assessments of police than do whites. These race effects appear to be particularly enduring for citizens’ assessments of police fairness and use of force. The over-all legitimacy of the police depends much more on citizens’ perceptions of how the police treat them than on their perceptions of police success in reducing crime. Public confidence in and support for the police depends more on citizens’ perceptions of police officers’ motives than whether the outcome was personally favorable to the citizen. The public’s perceptions of how police treat them appear to affect their willingness to obey the law and obey the police. Negative publicity about the police in one city that receives high visibility around the nation may have a nation-wide impact on the public’s view of the police, but the effect appears to be modest and not enduring. When the public perceives major threats to the nation’s security, the overwhelming majority appear willing to give additional powers to the police that invade privacy and restrict liberty, but substantial portions of the public are also concerned about the possibility of police abuses of these powers. Community policing may have some modest, long-term positive influence on citizens’ satisfaction with  police, but it is unlikely to produce a â€Å"quick fix.† The following represents a distillation of the major findings of this study. Between the 1980s and mid-1990s, increasing numbers of the American public gave police protection in their area a positive assessment. Neighborhood residents hold both police and residents responsible for controlling crime in the neighborhood. At the end of the 20th century, substantial majorities of the American public expressed positive views of how police treat the public. Police ranked highest in being helpful and friendly and lowest in treating people fairly. The public image of honesty and ethical standards of police has fluctuated over the years but has improved substantially from 1977 to 2000. At the end of the 20th century, a majority of the American public perceives racial profiling to be a widespread practice and a problem. The majority of the American public does not perceive police brutality in their area, but from the mid-1960s to the end of the 20th century the percentage who do perceive brutality has increased approximately threefold, accounting now for a third of the public. This increase may be due at least in part to the public’s changing standards of what constitutes brutality. The public has become less accepting of police use of force during this time period. Across nearly all indicators of the public image of the police, racial minorities consistently show lower assessments of police than do whites. These race effects appear to be particularly enduring for citizens’ assessments of police fairness and use of force. The over-all legitimacy of the police depends much more on citizens’ perceptions of how the police treat them than on their perceptions of police success in reducing crime. Public confidence in and support for the police depends more on citizens’ perceptions of police officers’ motives than whether the outcome was personally favorable to the citizen. The public’s perceptions of how police treat them appear to affect their willingness to obey the law and obey the police. Negative publicity about the police in one city that receives high visibility around the nation may have a nation-wide impact on the public’s view of the police, but the effect appears to be modest and not enduring. When the public perceives major threats to the nation’s security, the overwhelming majority appear willing to give additional powers to the police that invade privacy and restrict liberty, but substantial portions of the public are also concerned about the possibility of police abuses of these  powers. Community policing may have some modest, long-term positive influence on citizens’ satisfaction with police, but it is unlikely to produce a â€Å"quick fix.† The following summarizes the major limitations of the available research and lists recommendations for future research. Different measures of the public’s image of the police can produce radically different results. Research is needed to identify the best survey items to accomplish specific research and evaluation purposes. Doing this will provide more valid and reliable measures for learning what the public image of the police is and what influences that image. Very little is known about the relative importance of various sources of information on the police’s public image. Research is needed to learn how much influence is exerted by the public’s personal experiences with the police, what they learn second-hand from friends and acquaintances, and what they learn from the mass media. Knowing how much and in what ways each of these sources influence public opinion about the police will help police develop more effective strategies for improving the public’s evaluations of and support for the police. Very little is known about the influence of nationally publicized events on the police image. Knowing how both negative and positive publicity in one community affects the public’s image of police in other communities will help police leaders learn how to deal more effectively with the consequences of those events in their local communities. Very little is known about how much variation there is in levels of citizen satisfaction with the police from community to community, and even less is known about what types of communities and police agencies show the highest and lowest levels of satisfaction. Research on this topic will help to validate what most effectively enhances the police image. Given the tremendous diversity of communities and police agencies, the research must distinguish what works in different kinds of communities. Virtually all of the survey research on the police image has concentrated on relatively large urban jurisdictions. Very little is known about contextual influences on patterns of public opinion about the police. Patterns may be different when crime is high compared to when crime is low, when there are strongly perceived threats to national security and when there are not. Very little is known about the relationship between objective and subjective indicators of police performance. When the crime rate is going up or down does the public credit the police with this  effect? Because police tend to rely heavily on objective measures of performance in dealing with crime and solving problems, it is important to know whether success or failure objectively measured translates into public credit and accountability when measured subjectively through public opinion surveys. Little is known about the implications of public opinion for public behavior that is of concern to police. Are there thresholds of public satisfaction or dissatisfaction in a community that indicate a considerably increased likelihood of citizen support or resistance to the police? What are the consequences of shifts in the police image for the tenure of police leadership? Answers to these questions will help police leaders use poll results to predict short and long-term trends in citizens’ behaviors that are important to police. The report concludes with a proposal for IACP to take a lead role in developing a data collection system that would enable its membership to track its progress in improving the police image and make it possible for researchers to answer the research questions listed above. The working name for this program is the Uniform Public Opinion Poll on Policing (UPOPP). The UPOPP system would be a voluntary program that would provide survey research planning to participating agencies. Those agencies would agree to conduct an annual public opinion survey in their jurisdictions. In addition to a common set of survey questions for all agencies, these surveys could also include questions crafted to suit the special needs of that department and the community it serves. Data would be archived by a research organization selected by IACP. In addition to providing advice on the design and implementation of the annual survey, the research organization would analyze the archived data, issuing an annual report on the state of the public image of police. The following sections of the executive summary provide a more detailed description of findings and recommendations. Findings are divided into major sections on the general image of the police, perceptions of the outcomes of policing, perceptions of policing processes, and improving the public perception of the police. This is followed by a discussion that places the findings in perspective. The executive summary concludes with a discussion of priority issues for future research and an agenda for data collection.